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</code></pre></div><h3 id="git-clone"><a href="#git-clone" class="header-anchor">#</a> git clone</h3> <p>使用 git clone 拷贝一个 Git 仓库到本地，让自己能够查看该项目，或者进行修改。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git clone [url]
</code></pre></div><h2 id="基本快照"><a href="#基本快照" class="header-anchor">#</a> 基本快照</h2> <h3 id="git-add"><a href="#git-add" class="header-anchor">#</a> git add</h3> <p>git add 命令可将该文件添加到缓存</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git add &lt;filename&gt;
</code></pre></div><h3 id="git-status"><a href="#git-status" class="header-anchor">#</a> git status</h3> <p>git status 以查看在你上次提交之后是否有修改。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git status
git status -s
</code></pre></div><h3 id="git-diff"><a href="#git-diff" class="header-anchor">#</a> git diff</h3> <p>执行 git diff 来查看执行 git status 的结果的详细信息。</p> <p>git diff 命令显示已写入缓存与已修改但尚未写入缓存的改动的区别。git diff 有两个主要的应用场景。</p> <ul><li>尚未缓存的改动：git diff</li> <li>查看已缓存的改动： git diff --cached</li> <li>查看已缓存的与未缓存的所有改动：git diff HEAD</li> <li>显示摘要而非整个 diff：git diff --stat</li></ul> <h3 id="git-commit"><a href="#git-commit" class="header-anchor">#</a> git commit</h3> <p>使用 git add 命令将想要快照的内容写入缓存区， 而执行 git commit 将缓存区内容添加到仓库中。</p> <p>Git 为你的每一个提交都记录你的名字与电子邮箱地址，所以第一步需要配置用户名和邮箱地址。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git config --global user.name 'yourname'
git config --global user.email youremail
</code></pre></div><p>将文件写入缓存区并提供提交注释</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git commit -m 'update message'
</code></pre></div><h3 id="git-reset-head"><a href="#git-reset-head" class="header-anchor">#</a> git reset HEAD</h3> <p>git reset HEAD 命令用于取消已缓存的内容。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git reset HEAD -- &lt;filename&gt;
</code></pre></div><h2 id="拉取与推送"><a href="#拉取与推送" class="header-anchor">#</a> 拉取与推送</h2> <h3 id="git-pull"><a href="#git-pull" class="header-anchor">#</a> git pull</h3> <p>git pull命令用于从另一个存储库或本地分支获取并集成(整合)。git pull命令的作用是：取回远程主机某个分支的更新，再与本地的指定分支合并，它的完整格式稍稍有点复杂。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git pull &lt;远程主机名&gt; &lt;远程分支名&gt;:&lt;本地分支名&gt;
</code></pre></div><p>将远程存储库中的更改合并到当前分支中。在默认模式下，<code>git pull</code>是<code>git fetch</code>后跟<code>git merge FETCH_HEAD</code>的缩写。更准确地说，<code>git pull</code>使用给定的参数运行<code>git fetch</code>，并调用<code>git merge</code>将检索到的分支头合并到当前分支中。</p> <h3 id="git-push"><a href="#git-push" class="header-anchor">#</a> git push</h3> <p><code>git push</code>命令用于将本地分支的更新，推送到远程主机。它的格式与<code>git pull</code>命令相似。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git push &lt;远程主机名&gt; &lt;本地分支名&gt;:&lt;远程分支名&gt;
</code></pre></div><h2 id="标签"><a href="#标签" class="header-anchor">#</a> 标签</h2> <h3 id="git-tag"><a href="#git-tag" class="header-anchor">#</a> git tag</h3> <p>如果你达到一个重要的阶段，并希望永远记住那个特别的提交快照，你可以使用 <code>git tag</code> 给它打上标签。</p> <p>比如说，我们想为我们的 商城 项目发布一个&quot;1.0.0&quot;版本。 我们可以用 <code>git tag -a v1.0.0</code> 命令给最新一次提交打上（HEAD） &quot;v1.0.0&quot; 的标签。</p> <p><code>-a</code> 选项意为&quot;创建一个带注解的标签&quot;。 不用 -a 选项也可以执行的，但它不会记录这标签是啥时候打的，谁打的，也不会让你添加个标签的注解。 我推荐一直创建带注解的标签。</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git tag -a v1.0.0
</code></pre></div><p>如果我们要查看所有标签可以使用以下命令：</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>git tag
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